Islamabad: Pakistan recently completed its second periodic review with the United Nations Committee Against Torture, reaffirming its commitment to the prohibition of torture under international law and presenting multiple reforms aimed at strengthening safeguards against torture and custodial abuse. These developments were highlighted during discussions led by Barrister Aqeel Malik, Minister of State for Law and Justice, alongside other key officials.

According to Press Information Department, a significant highlight of the review was the enactment of the Torture and Custodial Death (Prevention and Punishment) Act, 2022, which establishes a comprehensive definition of torture, criminalizes acts by public officials, and introduces stringent penalties. The legislation also ensures that evidence obtained through torture is inadmissible and provides victims with legal remedies and compensation.

Pakistan’s delegation detailed the establishment of an independent investigative mechanism under the Federal Investigation Agency (FIA) to impartially examine allegations of torture. Enhancements in oversight mechanisms were also noted, including regular inspections by judicial authorities and expanded powers for the National Commission for Human Rights.

Improvements in detention conditions were emphasized, such as prison infrastructure upgrades and targeted protections for vulnerable groups. The delegation outlined progress in healthcare provision within detention facilities and a transition towards modern investigative practices, including increased reliance on forensic science.

While acknowledging progress, the delegation recognized ongoing challenges like prison overcrowding and resource constraints. The Committee appreciated Pakistan’s efforts but identified areas needing further attention, such as incorporating psychological pain in the definition of torture and reviewing the definition of terrorism under existing legislation.

In concluding remarks, Pakistan expressed gratitude for the engagement with the Committee and reiterated its commitment to ongoing cooperation with international human rights mechanisms, pledging to consider the Committee’s forthcoming observations as a guide for future reforms.